https://halstonberg.com/ Plain-English coverage of consumer law and procedure. en-us Sun, 02 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://halstonberg.com/expungement/rhode-island-expungement/ https://halstonberg.com/expungement/rhode-island-expungement/ Sun, 02 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Rhode Island expungement under R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 12-1.3 covers first-time offenders after a 5-year wait for misdemeanors or 10-year wait for felonies. A 2018 expansion allows expungement of multiple misdemeanors (more than one but fewer than six) after 10 years, with exceptions for DUI, domestic violence, and refusal-to-submit cases. The §12-1.3-1(d) crime-of-violence list is categorical and exhaustive: murder, manslaughter, first-degree arson, kidnapping, robbery, first/second-degree sexua https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/utah-lemon-law/ https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/utah-lemon-law/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Utah's New Motor Vehicle Warranties Act at Utah Code 13-20 covers new vehicles only (no used car coverage), under 12,000 lbs gross laden weight, including motorcycles and motor home chassis. The presumption applies at 4 repair attempts or 30 business days out of service within the express warranty term or one year from delivery (whichever ends earlier). Remedy is replacement or refund minus reasonable allowance for use, calculated as use before the first repair attempt. Affirmative defenses incl https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-280a-home-office-deduction/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-280a-home-office-deduction/ Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §280A generally disallows deductions for expenses of a personal residence, but §280A(c) provides exceptions for business use that meets specific tests: exclusive use, regular use, and either principal-place-of-business status or substantial client meetings or separate-structure use. The simplified method offers $5 per square foot up to 300 sq ft ($1,500 cap). The regular method allows actual expense allocation. The §280A(c)(5) gross income limitation caps deductions. Depreciation recapture u https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-6701-aiding-abetting-understatement/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-6701-aiding-abetting-understatement/ Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §6701 imposes a $1,000 penalty ($10,000 if the taxpayer is a corporation) on any person who aids, assists, procures, or advises in the preparation of a tax document, knowing it will be used in a material tax matter and that it will result in an understatement of another person's tax liability. Unlike §6694, §6701 reaches well beyond paid return preparers; it applies to accountants, consultants, advisors, attorneys, and others who participate in document preparation. The penalty cannot stack https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/risperdal-gynecomastia-lawsuit/ https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/risperdal-gynecomastia-lawsuit/ Wed, 29 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Risperdal (risperidone), an antipsychotic marketed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, was linked to gynecomastia (breast tissue development in males) through elevated prolactin. The litigation produced a $2.2 billion DOJ off-label marketing settlement in 2013, individual jury verdicts ranging from $2.5 million to a reduced-but-substantial $6.8 million, and an $800 million 2021 Janssen settlement that resolved roughly 9,000 cases. The Pennsylvania mass tort docket is over 98% resolved as of 2026; the li https://halstonberg.com/expungement/new-hampshire-annulment/ https://halstonberg.com/expungement/new-hampshire-annulment/ Sun, 26 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT New Hampshire calls the process 'annulment' and means it: under RSA 651:5, an annulment is the complete destruction of the public record of a criminal conviction, with the court file destroyed. Waiting periods range from 1 year for violations to 10 years for Class A felonies and certain sex offenses. Violent crimes, felony obstruction of justice, and extended-term sentences are categorically barred. The 2-year window for controlled substance offenses under RSA 318-B:26, II is the most generous i https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/copyright-assignment-vs-license/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/copyright-assignment-vs-license/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT An assignment transfers ownership. A license grants permission while ownership stays put. The choice determines what happens in a sale, a dispute, and thirty-five years from now. https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/fair-use-explained/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/fair-use-explained/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Fair use is a balancing test, not a checklist, and the Supreme Court narrowed its most important factor in 2023. Here is how section 107 works now. https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/fair-use-vs-copyright-infringement/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/fair-use-vs-copyright-infringement/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Every fair use starts as an infringement. What separates them is a four-factor defense that you raise after the fact, not a category you occupy in advance. https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/who-owns-copyright-freelance-work/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/who-owns-copyright-freelance-work/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The default rule favors the freelancer, and it survives payment, invoices, and most contract clauses. Here is what actually moves ownership and what only appears to. https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/work-for-hire-copyright/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/work-for-hire-copyright/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT A contract clause calling something a work made for hire usually does not make it one. The statute has exactly two paths, and most freelance deliverables fit neither. https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/rhode-island-lemon-law/ https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/rhode-island-lemon-law/ Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Rhode Island's lemon law under R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 31-5.2 (Consumer Enforcement of Motor Vehicle Warranties Act) covers vehicles under 10,000 lbs GVW, including motorcycles and used vehicles. The presumption applies at 4 repair attempts or 30 cumulative calendar days out of service within a 1-year/15,000-mile term of protection. The manufacturer gets one additional 7-day cure opportunity even after the term expires. The Rhode Island Consumer Council runs a free arbitration program. https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-721-partnership-formation/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-721-partnership-formation/ Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §721 provides the general rule that no gain or loss is recognized when a partner contributes property to a partnership in exchange for a partnership interest. Unlike §351 for corporate formations, §721 has no control requirement; any contribution of property to a partnership qualifies. The exceptions (investment company under §721(b), disguised sales, liability shifts that exceed basis, and the rule that services are not property) define where the deferral framework breaks down. https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-7345-passport-revocation/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-7345-passport-revocation/ Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §7345 authorizes the IRS to certify seriously delinquent tax debt to the State Department, which then must deny new passport applications and may revoke or limit existing passports. The 2026 threshold is $66,000 in assessed, legally enforceable federal tax debt with a Notice of Federal Tax Lien filed or a levy made. Several statutory exclusions reverse certification, including timely installment agreements, accepted offers in compromise, innocent spouse claims, and pending CDP hearings. https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/elmiron-vision-loss-lawsuit/ https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/elmiron-vision-loss-lawsuit/ Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Elmiron (pentosan polysulfate sodium) is the only FDA-approved oral medication for interstitial cystitis. Long-term use has been linked to pigmentary maculopathy, a unique retinal condition with no cure. MDL 2973 in the District of New Jersey has 634 pending actions before Judge Brian Martinotti as of March 2026, down from a peak of 1,911 in early 2024. Janssen has been settling cases confidentially since 2023. https://halstonberg.com/expungement/iowa-expungement/ https://halstonberg.com/expungement/iowa-expungement/ Sat, 18 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Iowa's expungement law in Chapter 901C is narrower than most states. §901C.2 covers acquittals and dismissals with a 180-day waiting period. §901C.3 allows one misdemeanor conviction expungement per lifetime after an 8-year wait. §907.9 automatically expunges successfully completed deferred judgments post-July 2013. Felonies, OWI, sex offenses, domestic violence, weapons, and most assault categories are statutorily excluded. https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/maine-lemon-law/ https://halstonberg.com/lemon-law/maine-lemon-law/ Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Maine's lemon law under 10 M.R.S.A. §§1161-1169 covers vehicles for 3 years or 18,000 miles, presumes a lemon at 3 repair attempts or 15 cumulative business days out of service, allows a one-attempt threshold for braking or steering failures, runs a free state arbitration program through the Attorney General with a 45-day decision window, and excludes commercial vehicles at 8,500 lbs GVW (lower than most states). https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/can-you-sue-landlord-for-mold/ https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/can-you-sue-landlord-for-mold/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT You can sue a landlord over mold when the landlord knew or should have known about the condition, had a duty and opportunity to fix it, and failed, because serious mold contamination breaches the implied warranty of habitability in nearly every state. The realistic claims are habitability-based: rent abatement for the months the unit was impaired, repair costs, damaged belongings, and relocation expenses, typically pursued in small claims court. Personal injury claims for mold-related illness ar https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/how-long-does-eviction-stay-on-record/ https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/how-long-does-eviction-stay-on-record/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT An eviction lives on three separate records with three different lifespans. The court case itself is a public record that generally exists indefinitely unless sealed or expunged. Tenant screening reports, which is what most landlords actually check, can report an eviction for seven years under the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Your credit report never shows the eviction itself; civil judgments were removed from credit files in 2017, but unpaid rent sent to collections appears as a collection accoun https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/tenant-rights-without-a-lease/ https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/tenant-rights-without-a-lease/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Not having a written lease does not mean not having rights. Paying rent that a landlord accepts creates a month-to-month tenancy, and oral rental agreements are legally binding in every state for terms under a year. A no-lease tenant keeps the full set of tenant protections: the warranty of habitability, anti-discrimination law, anti-retaliation law, security deposit rules, privacy and entry-notice rights, and the absolute requirement that removal happen through the court eviction process, never https://halstonberg.com/legal-help/identity-theft-what-to-do/ https://halstonberg.com/legal-help/identity-theft-what-to-do/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT If your identity has been stolen, the recovery sequence is: report it at IdentityTheft.gov to generate an FTC Identity Theft Report and personalized recovery plan, place a free credit freeze with all three bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion), add a fraud alert, contact the fraud departments of every affected company, and dispute the fraudulent accounts in writing. Federal law does the heavy lifting once you have the FTC report: the Fair Credit Reporting Act requires credit bureaus to blo https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-263a-tangible-property-capitalization/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/section-263a-tangible-property-capitalization/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §263(a) requires capitalization of amounts paid to acquire, produce, or improve tangible property. The 2014 tangible property regulations created three safe harbors that let most small businesses deduct most expenditures immediately: the de minimis safe harbor ($2,500 or $5,000 per item), the small taxpayer safe harbor for buildings, and the routine maintenance safe harbor. The BAR test (Betterment, Adaptation, Restoration) decides everything else. https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/can-the-irs-take-your-house/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/can-the-irs-take-your-house/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The IRS can legally seize a primary residence for unpaid taxes, but only as a last resort with layers of protection: seizure of a principal residence requires written approval from a federal district court judge, is prohibited entirely for tax debts of $5,000 or less, and cannot proceed while an installment agreement, offer in compromise, or collection due process appeal is pending. In practice, home seizures are rare, numbering in the low hundreds per year against millions of delinquent account https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/how-far-back-can-irs-audit-you/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/how-far-back-can-irs-audit-you/ Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The IRS generally has three years from the date you file to audit a return, counted from the filing date or the due date, whichever is later. The window doubles to six years when a return omits more than 25% of gross income or more than $5,000 of foreign income, and no time limit exists at all for fraudulent returns or years where no return was filed: an unfiled year stays open forever. The same clocks control assessment of additional tax, and a separate 10-year clock governs how long the IRS ca https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-6694-tax-preparer-penalty/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/section-6694-tax-preparer-penalty/ Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT IRC §6694 imposes penalties on paid tax return preparers for understatements of liability. The §6694(a) unreasonable position penalty is the greater of $1,000 or 50% of income derived. The §6694(b) willful or reckless penalty is the greater of $5,000 or 75%. The standards (reasonable basis, substantial authority, more likely than not) determine which positions are defensible and when disclosure on Form 8275 is necessary. https://halstonberg.com/employment-law/exempt-vs-non-exempt-employees/ https://halstonberg.com/employment-law/exempt-vs-non-exempt-employees/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Non-exempt employees are entitled to overtime pay at time-and-a-half for hours over 40 per week under the Fair Labor Standards Act; exempt employees are not. Exempt status requires passing all three tests: payment on a salary basis, a salary of at least $684 per week ($35,568 per year), and job duties that genuinely fit the executive, administrative, or professional exemptions. The federal threshold returned definitively to $684 in May 2026, when the Department of Labor formally restored the 201 https://halstonberg.com/employment-law/salaried-employee-rights/ https://halstonberg.com/employment-law/salaried-employee-rights/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT A salary is a pay structure, not a rights waiver. Salaried employees keep every workplace protection hourly workers have: anti-discrimination and anti-retaliation law, family and medical leave, workers' compensation, safe working conditions, and final paycheck rules. Salaried non-exempt employees are still owed overtime, a category millions of workers don't realize they occupy. For exempt employees, the salary basis rule cuts in the worker's favor: employers generally must pay the full weekly sa https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/dying-without-a-will/ https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/dying-without-a-will/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Dying without a will, called dying intestate, means state law decides who inherits your property through a fixed formula called intestate succession. In most states, a surviving spouse takes everything only if the deceased left no children or all children are shared; when the deceased had children from another relationship, the spouse and children split the estate in shares that vary by state. Unmarried partners, stepchildren who were never adopted, and close friends inherit nothing under every https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/how-to-avoid-probate/ https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/how-to-avoid-probate/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Avoiding probate means titling assets so they transfer at death without court involvement, using five mechanisms: beneficiary designations on financial accounts, joint ownership with survivorship rights, payable-on-death and transfer-on-death registrations (including TOD deeds for real estate in about 30 states), revocable living trusts, and lifetime gifting. Beneficiary designations and POD/TOD registrations are free and cover most financial assets; a living trust costs $1,500 to $3,500 but is https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/power-of-attorney-vs-guardianship/ https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/power-of-attorney-vs-guardianship/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT A power of attorney is a document a competent adult signs voluntarily, choosing who will act for them and on what terms; guardianship (called conservatorship in some states) is a court proceeding that appoints a decision-maker for someone a judge finds incapacitated. The difference is timing and control: a power of attorney must be signed while the person still has legal capacity and costs a few hundred dollars, while guardianship happens after capacity is lost, costs thousands in legal fees, re https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/dmca-takedown-notice/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/dmca-takedown-notice/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT A DMCA takedown notice is a written demand under Section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act requiring an online platform to remove infringing content or lose its legal immunity for hosting it. A valid notice needs six elements: identification of the copyrighted work, identification and location of the infringing material, your contact information, a good-faith statement, an accuracy statement under penalty of perjury, and a physical or electronic signature. Platforms that comply keep th https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/valsartan-ndma-lawsuit/ https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/valsartan-ndma-lawsuit/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Generic valsartan, losartan, and irbesartan from multiple manufacturers were contaminated with NDMA and related nitrosamines between roughly 2011 and 2018. MDL 2875 in the District of New Jersey has 1,418 active personal injury cases pending before Chief Judge Renee M. Bumb. Three economic loss class settlements totaling $15.26 million were preliminarily approved in February 2026. The claim deadline is June 2, 2026. https://halstonberg.com/privacy-law/is-it-legal-to-record-a-conversation/ https://halstonberg.com/privacy-law/is-it-legal-to-record-a-conversation/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Whether recording a conversation is legal depends on three questions: are you a participant, which state's law applies, and does anyone in the conversation have a reasonable expectation of privacy. In the roughly 37 one-party consent states, participants can record their own conversations freely; in the 11 all-party consent states, everyone must agree. Recording conversations you are not part of is illegal everywhere. Public conversations with no privacy expectation are generally fair game, sile https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/form-1099-da/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/form-1099-da/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Form 1099-DA is the IRS's digital asset reporting form, first issued in early 2026 for 2025 transactions. Custodial brokers like Coinbase, Kraken, and Gemini now report your gross proceeds from crypto and NFT sales directly to the IRS, but for 2025 transactions they were not required to report cost basis, meaning most forms show what you sold for and nothing about what you paid. That gap is the form's central trap: tax software importing a basis-less 1099-DA can show your entire proceeds as gain https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/nft-taxes/ https://halstonberg.com/tax-debt/nft-taxes/ Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The IRS taxes NFTs as property: selling an NFT triggers capital gain or loss, buying an NFT with crypto is two taxable events (disposing of the crypto, then acquiring the NFT), and creators pay ordinary income tax, plus self-employment tax, on sales and royalties. The unresolved question is whether specific NFTs are collectibles, which the IRS analyzes with a look-through test examining what the NFT represents; collectible status pushes the long-term capital gains rate to a maximum of 28% instea https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/what-is-probate/ https://halstonberg.com/estate-planning/what-is-probate/ Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Probate is the court-supervised process of settling a deceased person's estate: validating the will (if one exists), appointing an executor or administrator, inventorying assets, paying debts and taxes, and distributing what remains to heirs. The process typically takes 6 to 12 months for straightforward estates and can run years for contested ones, with costs commonly consuming 3% to 7% of the estate's value in court fees, attorney fees, and executor compensation. Not everything goes through pr https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/how-to-trademark-a-name/ https://halstonberg.com/intellectual-property/how-to-trademark-a-name/ Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Trademarking a name means registering it with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, a process that costs a base fee of $350 per class of goods or services and typically takes 12 to 18 months from filing to registration. The process: run a clearance search of the USPTO database and common-law uses, identify the correct classes, file through the Trademark Center under either use-in-commerce or intent-to-use basis, respond to any office actions, and survive the 30-day opposition period. You gain li https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/hernia-mesh-lawsuit-update/ https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/hernia-mesh-lawsuit-update/ Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT As of July 2026, roughly 26,000 hernia mesh lawsuits remain pending across four federal MDLs. The Bard litigation (MDL 2846, ~23,600 cases) is in its settlement-payment phase following the October 2024 global settlement estimated above $1 billion, with an Intensive Settlement Process scheduled for January 2027 for unresolved claims. The Covidien litigation (MDL 3029, ~2,400 cases) is heading into its first bellwether trial on July 13, 2026, involving Symbotex mesh. New cases can still be filed a https://halstonberg.com/privacy-law/one-party-consent-states/ https://halstonberg.com/privacy-law/one-party-consent-states/ Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT In a one-party consent state, you can legally record a conversation as long as one participant (which can be you) consents to the recording. Roughly 37 states plus the District of Columbia follow the one-party rule, matching the federal Wiretap Act. Eleven states require the consent of every participant for private conversations: California, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Washington, and Nevada (for phone calls), with Oregon, Connectic https://halstonberg.com/family-law/domestic-violence-program/ https://halstonberg.com/family-law/domestic-violence-program/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT A clear guide to domestic violence programs across the U.S., including shelter services, legal protections, batterer intervention programs, and how to find help in your state. https://halstonberg.com/family-law/elder-abuse/ https://halstonberg.com/family-law/elder-abuse/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Elder abuse affects over 10% of Americans age 65 and older each year. Learn how to recognize the types of abuse, understand the legal protections available, and report suspected mistreatment. https://halstonberg.com/family-law/emancipation-minor/ https://halstonberg.com/family-law/emancipation-minor/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Emancipation lets a minor gain legal independence before turning 18. Learn the general requirements, court process, what rights you gain, and what to consider before filing. https://halstonberg.com/family-law/guardianship-minor-frequently-asked-questions/ https://halstonberg.com/family-law/guardianship-minor-frequently-asked-questions/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Answers to common questions about guardianship of a minor, including who can petition, how guardianship differs from custody, what the process involves, and when it ends. https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/foreclosure-mediation/ https://halstonberg.com/landlord-tenant/foreclosure-mediation/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Foreclosure mediation brings homeowners and lenders together with a neutral third party to negotiate alternatives to losing a home. Learn how the process works, which states offer programs, and how to prepare. https://halstonberg.com/legal-help/detained-adult-program/ https://halstonberg.com/legal-help/detained-adult-program/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT The Detained Adult Program provides legal orientation and representation to adults in immigration detention. Here is how these programs work, who qualifies, and what detainees and families should know. https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/amplatzer-steerable-delivery-sheath-lawsuit/ https://halstonberg.com/mass-tort/amplatzer-steerable-delivery-sheath-lawsuit/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Abbott recalled the Amplatzer Steerable Delivery Sheath in 2023 after reports of air embolisms during cardiac procedures. Here is what the recall involved, the injuries reported, and the current state of the litigation. https://halstonberg.com/small-business/close-texas-sales-tax-account/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/close-texas-sales-tax-account/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Step-by-step process for closing your Texas sales tax permit with the Comptroller, including the final return, use tax on unsold inventory, and how to get a Certificate of Account Status. https://halstonberg.com/small-business/smllc-taxes/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/smllc-taxes/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT A single-member LLC is taxed as a disregarded entity by default. Learn how to report income on Schedule C, handle self-employment tax, make quarterly estimated payments, and when electing S corp status might save you money. https://halstonberg.com/small-business/valuation-cap/ https://halstonberg.com/small-business/valuation-cap/ Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT A valuation cap sets the maximum company valuation at which an early investment converts to equity, protecting investors from dilution. Here is how caps work, how they interact with discounts, and what founders and investors should negotiate. https://halstonberg.com/family-law/protective-orders/ https://halstonberg.com/family-law/protective-orders/ Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT A protective order is a court order designed to prevent harm from an abuser. Learn about the different types, how to request one, what protections they offer, and what happens if someone violates the order.